ABSTRACT
Background and Aims: The thoracic duct is the major lymphatic duct in the human body, the variations in theorigin, course and termination of the thoracic duct are of great clinical importance during surgeries related tothe upper abdomen, posterior mediastinum and in cervical region, but still now a detailed study had not beendone in Andhra Pradesh state, it was decided to undertake this present study. Isolation of the thoracic duct andtracing the origin, course and termination were done to know more about it than already documented andthereby hoping to add more information to guide the radiologists and operating surgeons.Materials and methods: A total number of 45 cadavers were studied, of these 15 were female and 30 were malecadavers. The material consisted of adult cadavers between the ages of 42-81 from the dissection halls ofdepartment of anatomy of 3 different medical colleges in costal Andhra Pradesh.Results: The observations of the formation, course, length, vertebral levels, types of cisterna chili, and variationsin the termination in cervical region are documented in this study. Conclusion: The present findings showed agreat variability compare the previous studies. The findings noted in the present study regarding thoracic ducthad contributed to a better understanding of the anatomy of the thoracic duct and will prove definitely useful tosurgeons during surgical procedures related to the thoracic duct.
ABSTRACT
Background: Obturator artery is one of the medium sized parietal branches of the anterior division of internal iliac artery and it supplies the medial side of the thigh. It is the most variable vessel among the branches of the internal iliac artery. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on a total of 45 pelvic halves had been studied. The material consisted of adult subjects between the ages of forty and eighty five, from the dissection hall of department of anatomy of Alluri Sitarama Raju Academy of Medical Sciences, Eluru, and Andhra Pradesh. The findings were observed and recorded. Results: Origin of obturator artery was most frequently a direct branch of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery, in 16 specimens (35.55%). It was arising from the inferior epigastric artery in 12 specimens (26.66%). It arose from the common trunk of inferior gluteal and internal pudendal artery in 6 specimens (13.33%) etc. Conclusion: The variations in obturator artery may lead to surgical complications during pelvic surgeries requiring suturing along the pelvic brim. The anomalies affecting the arterial patterns of the limbs are based on unusual selection of channels from primary capillaries. The most appropriate channel enlarges, whilst the others retract and disappear, thereby establishing the final arterial pattern and resulting in variations in the origin. Prior knowledge of the anatomical variations may be beneficial for vascular surgeons ligating the internal iliac artery or its branches and the radiologists interpreting angiograms of the pelvic region.